Its primary role is to maintain pressure against the inside of the cell wall, giving the cell shape and helping to support the plant. The large central vacuole is surrounded by its own membrane and contains water and dissolved substances.Structures found in plant cells but not animal cells include a large central vacuole, cell wall, and plastids such as chloroplasts. Can you identify the unique plant structures in the diagram? Plant Cell Structures Plant cells have all the same structures as animal cells, plus some additional structures. A typical plant cell is represented by the diagram in Figure 2.įigure 2. For example, they are enclosed by a plasma membrane and have a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. Plant cells resemble other eukaryotic cells in many ways. It is these cells, tissues, and organs that carry out the dramatic lives of plants. Plant tissues, like ours, are constructed of specialized cells, which in turn contain specific organelles. Plants, too, are made of organs, which in turn are made of tissues. These tissues, in turn, are made of cells specialized in shape, size, and component organelles, such as mitochondria for energy and microtubules for movement. For example, your stomach is made of muscle tissue to facilitate movement and glandular tissue to secrete enzymes for chemical breakdown of food molecules. These organs, in turn, are made of different kinds of tissues, which are groups of cells which work together to perform a specific job. Your body includes organ systems, such as the digestive system, made of individual organs, such as the stomach, liver, and pancreas, which work together to carry out a certain function (in this case, breaking down and absorbing food). Might this allow the cells to form structures that can grow upright? Organs in Plants? Why do plant cells look like little rectangles? Look at Figure 1 and notice how all the cells seem to stack on each other, with no spaces in between.
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